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Internet Message Format  |  1993-07-13  |  43KB
  1. Date: Fri, 12 Feb 93 17:50:50    
  2. From: Space Digest maintainer <digests@isu.isunet.edu>
  3. Reply-To: Space-request@isu.isunet.edu
  4. Subject: Space Digest V16 #157
  5. To: Space Digest Readers
  6. Precedence: bulk
  7.  
  8.  
  9. Space Digest                Fri, 12 Feb 93       Volume 16 : Issue 157
  10.  
  11. Today's Topics:
  12.                           ** HELP WANTED **
  13.                    BUSSARD.PCX (part 1/2) [Part 2]
  14.                         BUSSARD.PCX (part 2/2)
  15.                        ESA press release 04-93
  16.                           Satellite Imagery
  17.          Terror Stalks the Astronomers(was Re: MIR reflector)
  18.  
  19.     Welcome to the Space Digest!!  Please send your messages to
  20.     "space@isu.isunet.edu", and (un)subscription requests of the form
  21.     "Subscribe Space <your name>" to one of these addresses: listserv@uga
  22.     (BITNET), rice::boyle (SPAN/NSInet), utadnx::utspan::rice::boyle
  23.     (THENET), or space-REQUEST@isu.isunet.edu (Internet).
  24. ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  25.  
  26. Date: Sun, 07 Feb 93 19:01:24 PST
  27. From: Jason Cooper <lord@tradent.wimsey.com>
  28. Subject: ** HELP WANTED **
  29. Newsgroups: sci.space
  30.  
  31. As many of you may know, I have been working for the past few
  32. months on a project on the Bussard ramscoop.  Thanks to the help
  33. of the users of this area, I have been doing reasonably well up
  34. to this point, too.  However, I have now run into a few
  35. problems, and thought I'd run them by the people here.  For
  36. reference, I will also be uploading a UUENCODED PCX of my plan
  37. thus far.  If anybody has any questions about the PCX, they are
  38. more than welcome in my mail.  My questions are the following:
  39.  
  40. Is there a method besides a UV laser that will ionize both H and
  41. H2?  If not, then a laser can be dealt with, but something
  42. somewhat more durable than a laser and it's lens (and preferably
  43. more efficient) would be nice.
  44.  
  45. Is a lithium blanket as in the PCX (composed of tubes that
  46. basically surround the expansion chamber) the BEST way to
  47. create electricity from the reaction?  Also, is anybody out
  48. there familiar with the methods of converting the heat from this
  49. blanket into electricity?
  50.  
  51. Is anybody aware of a method besides that which has already been
  52. discussed (antimatter) to heat the incoming protons?  Keep in
  53. mind that this method must be usable in a vaccuum, meaning (as
  54. far as I know) that it has to rely on either a reaction of some
  55. sort with the protons (as in the antimatter idea), or some sort
  56. of radiant energy.  The reason I am asking for other methods is
  57. that the antimatter method turned out to be rather impractical,
  58. whether you wanted to store ready-made antimatter, or produce it
  59. on-the-run.
  60.  
  61. How can protons be "picked" off of an incoming stream?  It would
  62. be nice to have a small reserve of the protons (as in the PCX),
  63. but I can't figure a way to pull them off of the stream.
  64. Physical means are not desirable, but I'm willing to listen to anything.
  65.  
  66. Does anybody have access to R.W. Bussard's original paper on the
  67. ramscoop?  I just got a book of his called "Nuclear Rocket
  68. Propulsion" from inter-library loan, thinking it may be of
  69. assistance, and it seems this book was written years before he
  70. came up with the idea.  Or, does anybody know of where I might
  71. look in the book to FIND the ramscoop?  I can't find anything.
  72.  
  73. Does carbon-catalyzed fusion rely on any rare reactions, like
  74. beta decay?  I ask this because at the moment, it's a critical
  75. part of my slow-end processes, and wouldn't work very well if it
  76. was rare :).
  77.  
  78. Does anybody have any proposals as to methods of getting to the
  79. approx. .015c at which the reaction SHOULD kick in?
  80.  
  81. As I believe I said before, ANY input is VERY welcome.  Please
  82. reply by mail _if_possible_, as that's much easier for me to
  83. keep a record of (both so that contributions may be accordingly
  84. credited, and so that I may keep them for future reference).
  85. Thanks.
  86.  
  87.  
  88.                                             |||||
  89.                                            ( o o )
  90. -----------------------------------------oooO-O-Oooo-----------------
  91.  
  92.  |_      |_|_|_  |_|_|_  |_|_|_                         Jason Cooper
  93.  |_     |_    |_ |_   |_ |_   |_           lord@tradent.wimsey.bc.ca
  94.  |_     |_    |_ |_|_|_  |_   |_
  95.  |_|_|_  |_|_|_  |_   |_ |_|_|_   "Happy, happy.  Joy, joy" - Stimpy
  96.  
  97.  
  98. ------------------------------
  99.  
  100. Date: Sun, 07 Feb 93 19:02:45 PST
  101. From: Jason Cooper <lord@tradent.wimsey.com>
  102. Subject: BUSSARD.PCX (part 1/2) [Part 2]
  103. Newsgroups: sci.space
  104.  
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  258. M___<_\(`Q/_"`/__[?_#`,G_`,?^`-#_!\__P@#________0_\(`________
  259. M_____^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/__[__#`,C_`,7^`-'_!\__P@#________0_\(`
  260. M_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/__\/_#`,C_Q0#3_P?._\(`________
  261. MT/_"`/_____________@____W/_"`,3_P@#___'_PP#@_P?-_\(`________
  262. MT/_"`/_____________@____W/_"`,3_P@#___+_PP#@_P?,_\(`________
  263. MT/_"`/_____________@____W/_"`,3_P@#___/_PP#1_\4`R?\'S/_"`/__
  264. M_____]#_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`___T_\,`S_\`Q?X`R?\'
  265. MR__"`/_______]#_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`___U_\,`S?\`
  266. MQ_X`R?\'RO_"`/_______]#_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`___V
  267. M_\,`R_\`R?X`R/\'RO_"`/_______]#_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$
  268. M_\(`___W_\,`RO\`R?X`R?\'R?_"`,C_T`#_____]__"`/_____________@
  269. M____W/_"`,3_P@#___C_PP#)_P#)_@#)_P?)_\(`R/_0`/_____W_\(`____
  270. M_________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/__^?_#`,C_`,G^`,K_!\C_P@#(_]``R/\`
  271. MR?\`R_\`S_\`^__"`/__RO_"`/_____________@____W/_"`,3_P@#___K_
  272. MPP#'_P#)_@#*_P?(_\(`R/_0`,C_P@#'_\(`___7_P#__\S_P@#_________
  273. M____X/___]S_P@#$_\(`___[_\(`R/\`Q_X`S/\'Q__"`,C_T`#(_\(`Q__"
  274. M`/__U_\`___,_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/___/_"`,C_`,7^
  275. M`,W_!\?_P@#(_]``R/\`P?\`Q?\`P?\`Q/_$`,/_`,/_`,'_PP#'_P##_P#!
  276. M_\,`P_\`P?_#`,7_PP#$_P#!_\(`QO_$`,/_`,3_`,+_`,'_Q@##_\0`Q?_#
  277. M`,7_PP#R_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/___?_"`,C_Q0#/_P?&
  278. M_\(`R/_0`,C_`,'_`,7_`,'_`,/_`,3_`,+_`,/_P@##_P#&_P##_\(`P_\`
  279. MPO_"`,/_`,/_`,/_`,/_P@#'_P#$_P#"_P#$_P#"_\(`P_\`Q/\`Q/\`P_\`
  280. MP_\`P_\`P_\`\?_"`/_____________@____W/_"`,3_P@#___W_PP#;_P?&
  281. M_\(`R/_0`,C_`,+_`,/_`,+_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,/_`,3_`,;_`,/_`,3_`,+_
  282. M`,3_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,C_`,?_`,3_`,+_`,3_`,/_`,7_`,+_`,?_`,7_`/#_
  283. MP@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`___^_\,`V_\'Q?_"`,C_T`#(_P#"
  284. M_P##_P#"_P#&_\,`PO\`P_\`Q/\`QO\`P_\`Q/\`PO\`Q/\`PO\`Q?\`PO\`
  285. MR/\`Q_\`Q/\`PO\`Q/\`Q__#`,+_`,?_`,7_`/#_P@#_____________X/__
  286. M_]S_P@#$_\(`_____\,`VO\'Q?_"`,C_T`#(_P##_P#!_P##_P##_\,`PO\`
  287. MPO\`P_\`Q/\`QO\`P_\`Q/\`PO\`Q/\`PO_'`,+_`,G_Q`##_P#$_P#"_P#$
  288. M_P#$_\,`PO\`PO\`Q__'`/#_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`____
  289. M_\'_P@#:_P?%_\(`R/_0`,C_`,/_`,'_`,/_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,/_`,3_`,;_
  290. M`,/_`,3_`,+_`,3_`,+_`,C_`,W_`,+_`,3_`,+_`,3_`,/_`,7_`,+_`,?_
  291. M`/;_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`_____\+_P@#-_\4`R/\'Q/_"
  292. M`,C_T`#(_P##_P#!_P##_P#"_P#%_P#"_P##_P#$_P#&_P##_P#$_P#"_P#$
  293. M_P#"_P#%_P#"_P#-_P#"_P#$_P#"_P#$_P##_P#%_P#"_P#'_P#%_P#P_\(`
  294. M_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/_____"_\,`R_\`Q?X`Q_\'Q/_"`,C_
  295. MT`#(_P#$_P#$_P#"_P#$_\(`PO\`P_\`Q/\`QO\`P_\`Q/\`PO\`Q/\`P_\`
  296. MP_\`P_\`R/\`Q/\`PO\`P__"`,+_`,3_`,/_`,3_P@##_P##_P##_P##_P#Q
  297. M_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/_____#_\(`RO\`Q_X`Q_\'P__"
  298. M`,C_T`#(_P#$_P#$_P##_\0`P?\`PO\`P_\`Q/\`QO\`P_\`Q/\`PO\`Q/\`
  299. MQ/_#`,3_`,G_Q`#$_\,`P?\`PO\`Q/\`Q/_$`,'_`,3_PP#%_\,`\O_"`/__
  300. M___________@____W/_"`,3_P@#_____Q/_"`,C_`,G^`,K_P@#(_]``____
  301. M__?_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`_____\3_PP#'_P#)_@#*_\(`
  302. MR/_0`/_____W_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/_____%_\(`Q_\`
  303. MR?X`RO_"`/_______]#_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`_____\;_
  304. MP@#&_P#)_@#*_\(`________T/_"`/_____________@____W/_"`,3_P@#_
  305. M____QO_#`,7_`,G^`,K_P@#________0_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`
  306. MQ/_"`/_____'_\(`QO\`Q_X`R__"`/_______]#_P@#_____________X/__
  307.  
  308. sum -r/size 64956/58922 section (from "begin" to last encoded line)
  309.  
  310. ------------------------------
  311.  
  312. Date: Sun, 07 Feb 93 19:08:50 PST
  313. From: Jason Cooper <lord@tradent.wimsey.com>
  314. Subject: BUSSARD.PCX (part 2/2)
  315. Newsgroups: sci.space
  316.  
  317. section 2 of uuencode 5.10 of file bussard.pcx    by R.E.M.
  318.  
  319. M_]S_P@#$_\(`_____\C_P@#&_P#%_@#,_\(`________T/_"`/__________
  320. M___@____W/_"`,3_P@#_____R/_"`,?_Q0#-_\(`R/_0`/_____W_\(`____
  321. M_________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/_____)_\(`V/_"`,C_T`#_____]__"`/__
  322. M___________@____W/_"`,3_P@#_____R?_"`-C_P@#(_\(`S/["`,C_`,?_
  323. M`/7_`/__`.[_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`_____\K_P@#7_\(`
  324. MR/_"`,S^P@#(_P#'_P#4_P#@_P#S_P#+_P#N_\(`_____________^#____<
  325. M_\(`Q/_"`/_____C_\(`R/_"`,S^P@#(_P#'_P#4_P#@_P#S_P#+_P#N_\(`
  326. M_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/_____C_\(`R/_"`,S^P@#(_P#'_P#$
  327. M_\,`QO_$`,+_Q`#(_\,`P_\`Q?\`P__#`,/_`,'_PP#%_\0`P_\`P?_#`,7_
  328. MPP#!_P#$_\,`Q/\`P?_"`,3_Q`#!_P#$_P#"_P#!_\,`QO_#`,7_Q`#8_\(`
  329. M_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/_____C_\(`R/_"`,S^P@#(_P#'_P##
  330. M_P##_P#$_P#$_P#"_P#)_P##_P##_P##_P##_P##_P#"_\(`P_\`P_\`Q/\`
  331. MPO_"`,/_`,/_`,/_P@##_P##_P##_\(`Q_\`P_\`Q/\`PO_"`,/_`,3_`,/_
  332. M`,/_`,3_`-?_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`_____^/_P@#(_\(`
  333. MS/["`,C_R0#"_P#%_P#"_P#%_P#"_P#(_P#%_P##_P#!_P##_P#'_P#$_P#"
  334. M_P#%_P#"_P#$_P#"_P#%_P#"_P#%_P#"_P#(_P##_P#$_P#"_P#%_P#"_P#%
  335. M_P#"_P#<_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`Q/_"`/_____C_\(`R/_"`,S^
  336. MP@#(_P#'_P#"_P#%_P#&_\,`PO\`R/\`Q?\`P_\`P?\`P_\`Q_\`Q/\`QO_#
  337. M`,+_`,3_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,C_`,/_`,3_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,7_`,+_
  338. M`-S_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#$_\(`_____^/_P@#(_\(`S/["`,C_
  339. M`,?_`,+_QP##_\,`PO\`PO\`R/_'`,3_`,3_`,?_`,3_`,/_PP#"_P#"_P#$
  340. M_P#"_P#%_P#"_\<`PO\`R/\`P_\`Q/\`PO\`Q?\`PO_'`,/_Q`#8_\(`____
  341. M_________^#____<_\(`Q/__`/\`YP#(_\(`S/["`,C_`,?_`,+_`,C_`,7_
  342. M`,+_`,+_Q`#"_P#)_P#!_P##_P#'_P#$_P#"_P#%_P#"_P#$_P#"_P#%_P#"
  343. M_P#(_P#(_P##_P#$_P#"_P#%_P#"_P#-_P#7_\(`_____________^#____<
  344. M_\(`Q/__`/\`YP#(_\(`S/["`,C_`,?_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,C_`,7_
  345. M`,/_`,'_`,/_`,?_`,3_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,3_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,C_
  346. M`,/_`,3_`,+_`,7_`,+_`,7_`,?_`-?_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_
  347. M____\__"`,S^P@#(_P#'_P##_P##_P##_P#$_\(`PO\`R?\`P_\`P_\`P_\`
  348. MP_\`P_\`PO\`Q/\`PO\`Q/_"`,+_`,3_`,/_`,/_P@##_P##_P##_P#(_P##
  349. M_P##_\(`PO_"`,/_`,3_`,/_`,/_`,3_`-?_P@#_____________X/___]S_
  350. MP@#_____\__"`,S^P@#(_P#'_P#$_\,`Q?_$`,'_`,+_PP#(_\,`P_\`Q?\`
  351. MP__#`,/_`,3_`,/_Q`#!_P#"_P#$_P#$_\,`P?\`Q/_#`,3_`,C_PP#"_\,`
  352. MP?\`PO\`P?_#`,;_PP#%_\0`V/_"`/_____________@____W/_"`/_____S
  353. M_]``___F_P#__]#_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____\__0`/__X/\`
  354. MQ/\`___1_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`___________E_\0`___2_\(`
  355. M_____________^#____<_\(`______________O_P@#_____________X/__
  356. M_]S_P@#_____________^__"`/_____________@____W/_"`/__________
  357. M___[_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`______________O_P@#_________
  358. M____X/___]S_P@#_____________^__"`/_____________@____W/_"`/__
  359. M___S_]``______?_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____\__0`/_____W
  360. M_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`______/_P@#,!\(`R/_'`-G_`,+_`,+_
  361. M`/__VO_"`.O_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____\__"`,P'P@#(_P#&
  362. M_P#8_P#"_P#P_P#J_P#M_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`______/_P@#,
  363. M!\(`R/\`Q_\`U_\`PO\`\/\`ZO\`[?_"`/_____________@____W/_"`/__
  364. M___S_\(`S`?"`,C_`,?_`,3_PP#$_P#!_\,`Q?\`P?\`PO\`PO\`P_\`Q/\`
  365. MPO\`P?_#`,+_PP#)_\,`Q/\`Q/\`P?_$`,/_PP#$_P#!_\(`QO_$`,/_`,3_
  366. M`,+_`,'_Q@##_\0`Q?_#`,7_PP#4_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`____
  367. M__/_P@#,!\(`R/\`QO\`Q/\`P_\`P__"`,+_`,7_`,'_`,+_`,+_`,/_`,3_
  368. M`,+_P@##_\(`P_\`Q_\`P_\`P_\`Q/\`PO\`Q/\`P_\`P__"`,?_`,3_`,+_
  369. M`,3_`,+_P@##_P#$_P#$_P##_P##_P##_P##_P#3_\(`_____________^#_
  370. M___<_\(`______/_P@#,!\(`R/_'`,3_`,7_`,+_`,/_`,3_`,+_`,+_`,+_
  371. M`,/_`,3_`,+_`,3_`,3_`,;_`,7_`,+_`,3_`,+_`,/_`,7_`,+_`,C_`,?_
  372. M`,3_`,+_`,3_`,/_`,7_`,+_`,?_`,7_`-+_P@#_____________X/___]S_
  373. MP@#_____\__"`,P'P@#(_P#&_P##_P#%_P#"_P#$_P##_P#"_P#"_P#"_P##
  374. M_P#$_P#"_P#$_P#$_P#&_P#%_P#"_P#$_P#"_P##_P#%_P#"_P#(_P#'_P#$
  375. M_P#"_P#$_P#'_\,`PO\`Q_\`Q?\`TO_"`/_____________@____W/_"`/__
  376. M___S_\(`S`?"`,C_`,?_`,+_QP#"_P#$_P##_P#"_P#"_P#"_P##_P#$_P#"
  377. M_P#$_P#$_P#&_P#%_P#"_P#$_P#"_P##_\<`PO\`R?_$`,/_`,3_`,+_`,3_
  378. M`,3_PP#"_P#"_P#'_\<`TO_"`/_____________@____W/_"`/_____S_\(`
  379. MS`?"`,C_`,?_`,+_`,C_`,7_`,'_`,/_`,+_`,+_`,/_`,3_`,+_`,3_`,3_
  380. M`,;_`,7_`,+_`,3_`,+_`,/_`,C_`,W_`,+_`,3_`,+_`,3_`,/_`,7_`,+_
  381. M`,?_`-C_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____\__"`,P'P@#(_P#'_P#"
  382. M_P#%_P#"_P#%_P#!_P##_P#"_P#"_P##_P#$_P#"_P#$_P#$_P#&_P#%_P#"
  383. M_P#$_P#"_P##_P#%_P#"_P#-_P#"_P#$_P#"_P#$_P##_P#%_P#"_P#'_P#%
  384. M_P#2_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`______/_P@#,!\(`R/\`QO\`Q/\`
  385. MP_\`P_\`Q?\`P?\`P_\`PO\`PO\`P_\`P__"`,+_`,3_`,3_`,?_`,/_`,/_
  386. M`,/_P@#"_P#$_P##_P##_P#(_P#$_P#"_P##_\(`PO\`Q/\`P_\`Q/_"`,/_
  387. M`,/_`,/_`,/_`-/_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____\__"`,P'P@#(
  388. M_\<`QO_#`,3_`,;_`,3_`,+_`,+_`,3_PP#!_P#"_P#$_P#$_P#(_\,`Q?_#
  389. M`,'_`,+_PP##_\,`Q/\`R?_$`,3_PP#!_P#"_P#$_P#$_\0`P?\`Q/_#`,7_
  390. MPP#4_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`______/_T`#C_P#_____T__"`/__
  391. M___________@____W/_"`/_____S_]``X_\`_____]/_P@#_____________
  392. MX/___]S_P@#________E_\(`_____]3_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_
  393. M____________^__"`/_____________@____W/_"`/_____________[_\(`
  394. M_____________^#____<_\(`______________O_P@#_____________X/__
  395. M_]S_P@#_____________^__"`/_____________@____W/_"`/__________
  396. M___[_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`______________O_P@#_________
  397. M____X/___]S_P@#_____________^__"`/_____________@____W/_"`/__
  398. M___________[_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`______________O_P@#_
  399. M____________X/___]S_P@#_____________^__"`/_____________@____
  400. MW/_"`/_____________[_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`____________
  401. M__O_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____________^__"`/__________
  402. M___@____W/_"`/_____________[_\(`_____________^#____<_\(`____
  403. M__________O_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____________^__"`/__
  404. M___________@____W/_"`/_____________[_\(`_____________^#____<
  405. M_\(`______________O_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____________
  406. M^__"`/_____________@____W/_"`/_____________[_\(`____________
  407. M_^#____<_\(`______________O_P@#_____________X/___]S_P@#_____
  408. M________^__"`/_____________@____W/_"`/_____________[_\(`____
  409. M_________^#____<_\(`______________O_P@#_____________X/___]S_
  410. MP@#_____________^__"`/_____________@____W/__`/\`_P#_`/\`_P#_
  411. M____________X/___]S__P#_`/\`_P#_`/\`_____________^#_________
  412. M_________________________/_________________________________\
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  562. M___\__________________________________S_____________________
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  588. M___\_PP```"_````OP"_OP```+^_`+\`O[_`P,#`W,"FRO"`````@`"`@```
  589. M`("``(``@(#P^_]`@("`_P!`0`#PRJ;_@`"DH*"`0`"``/^``$``0(``````
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  605. (`/\`________
  606. `
  607. end
  608. sum -r/size 55527/17752 section (from first encoded line to "end")
  609. sum -r/size 46702/55628 entire input file
  610.  
  611. ------------------------------
  612.  
  613. Date: Friday, 5 Feb 1993 13:51:57 CET
  614. From: Hermann Schneider <HSCHNEID@ESOC.BITNET>
  615. Subject: ESA press release 04-93
  616. Newsgroups: sci.space
  617.  
  618. Press Release Nr.04-93
  619. Paris, 25 January 1993
  620.  
  621. ESA's Spacelab once again in space for Europe
  622.  
  623. Europe and ESA will soon be once more in the forefront of manned
  624. space flight. The launch of the second German Spacelab mission
  625. (D-2) is scheduled for 25 February 1993. For nine days, Space
  626. Shuttle Columbia will carry in its cargo bay the ESA developed
  627. Spacelab on a mission to conduct fundamental research in the
  628. fields of material sciences (fluid physics and material processes),
  629. life sciences (biology, human physiology and radiation biology),
  630. astronomy, Earth observation and robotics.
  631.  
  632. A crew of 7 astronauts, 5 from NASA and 2 payload specialists
  633. from DLR -the German Aerospace Research Establishment - will
  634. have the task of executing some 90 experiments, 32 of which have
  635. been funded and developed under ESA responsibility for scientists
  636. from university and research institutes spread all over Europe.
  637.  
  638. Spacelab as a manned orbiting laboratory, has already flown 6
  639. times. Spacelab technology (unmanned, pallet-only versions of the
  640. laboratory) has also been used several other times. The year 1993
  641. marks both the 20th anniversary of the programme and the 10th
  642. anniversary of the first flight which occurred in November 1983
  643. (STS-9/ Spacelab 1).
  644.  
  645. This will be the second time that the responsibility for the
  646. complete scientific programme of a manned space mission is fully
  647. in German hands. As was the case for the Spacelab D-1 mission in
  648. 1985, DLR has been entrusted by the German Federal Ministry for
  649. Research and Technology (BMFT) with the project management,
  650. the training of the scientific astronauts and the operation of
  651. the payload. DLR's dedicated space operations control centre
  652. for D-2 is located in Oberpfaffenhofen, near Munich in Germany.
  653.  
  654. ESA's contribution to this mission is remarkable: five of the 32
  655. ESA experiments flown are contained in the Advanced Fluid
  656. Physics Module (AFPM) for investigation in fluid physics and 19
  657. are placed in the so called Anthrorack for human physiology
  658. research in microgravity. Furthermore, six experiments in the
  659. field of material synthesis and two experiments for the future
  660. Columbus Attached Laboratory -the European contribution to the
  661. International Space Station Freedom- will also be flown on D-2.
  662.  
  663. The D-2 press centre will be set-up at DLR's Operations Control
  664. Centre in Oberpfaffenhofen for the duration of the whole mission.
  665.  
  666.  
  667.  
  668. From 09h00 till 18h00 media will be able to cover the mission in all
  669. its aspects through video and audio links and follow mission
  670. control specialists and scientists from close by. Status briefings
  671. will be held in German  daily and press releases will also be issued
  672. in German and English. Interviews with  key ESA personnel can be
  673. arranged through the ESA Public Relations desk in the press
  674. centre.
  675.  
  676. News media intending to cover the mission from the D-2 press
  677. centre will have to seek accreditation in writing or by Fax directly
  678. at:
  679.  
  680. DLR Public Affairs Office, Linder Hohe - D-5000 Koln Porz
  681. (Germany)
  682. Fax: + 49 2203 601 3249
  683. with copy to :
  684. ESA Public Relations Office
  685. 8-10 Rue Mario Nikis - F-75015 Paris (Fax: + 33 1 42 73 7690)
  686.  
  687. ------------------------------
  688.  
  689. Date: Mon, 08 Feb 93 08:24:06 GMT
  690. From: Rick Turner <ricky@vnet.ibm.com>
  691. Subject: Satellite Imagery
  692. Newsgroups: sci.image.processing,sci.aeronautics,sci.astro,sci.geo.geology,sci.geo.meteorology,sci.misc,sci.space,alt.sci.image-facility
  693.  
  694. Seasat imagery can be obtained without too much difficulty. First ask NSSDC
  695. (the National Space Science Data Centre, located at Goddard Space Flight
  696. Centre, in Greenbelt, Ma). You should also be able to get SIR-A and SIR-B
  697. data too (note that SIR-A data is optical, not digital; you'll probably have
  698. to digitise the prints if you need softcopy versions). I dont know what the
  699. costs are these days (I get mine for free) but it is not high, basically
  700. just media costs.
  701.  
  702. If you do not specifically want images of the earth, you can of course get
  703. the Magellan data from the same source. Mgn is an S band SAR.
  704.  
  705. If you dont have to have satellite data, some of the JPL Airborne polarimetric
  706. SAR data may also be available, though I dont know which datasets have been
  707. released for public distribution.
  708.  
  709. Much of my work is with SAR - drop me an e-mail offline if you have questions.
  710.  
  711. Rick
  712.  
  713. ------------------------------
  714.  
  715. Date: Mon, 8 Feb 1993 07:39:53 GMT
  716. From: "Frederick A. Ringwald" <Frederick.A.Ringwald@dartmouth.edu>
  717. Subject: Terror Stalks the Astronomers(was Re: MIR reflector)
  718. Newsgroups: sci.astro,sci.space
  719.  
  720. In article <1993Feb5.154609.1@fnalf.fnal.gov>
  721. higgins@fnalf.fnal.gov (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey) writes:
  722.  
  723. > Your remarks immediately reminded me of the "a fleet of solar power
  724. > satellites will ruin dark skies" canard.  A few months ago Fred
  725. > Ringwald did a calculation on that one and showed that it is not true,
  726. > except perhaps for staggeringly large numbers of SPSs. 
  727.  
  728. Say what? Let me go on record and say that I dislike lights shining in
  729. my face.
  730.  
  731. A simple calculation will show that a flat, circular sail with a radius
  732. of 10 meters at an altitude of 330 km, reflecting sunlight at a
  733. 45-degree angle directly toward you, will have a visual magnitude V =
  734. -2.0. Not as bright as Venus, right now (V = -3.9), but just as bright
  735. as Jupiter, a year ago today (V = -2.0). Did you see the Gegenschein
  736. last winter? I doubt it, since Jupiter was too nearby. Space debris is
  737. already a problem for Schmidt photography. It doesn't take much to ruin
  738. a pristine environment. Not that (sigh) this will make one whit of
  739. difference.
  740.  
  741. For now, the small consolation is that this is in low Earth orbit, so
  742. that nearly all the time nearly everywhere, it'll be beyond your
  743. horizon. A practical Soletta, though, should be in geostationary orbit
  744. - or how about a long, lazy, high-inclination Molniya orbit?
  745.  
  746. The good news, if you can call it that, is that to produce enough light
  747. from a flat mirror in geostationary orbit and opposite the Sun to make
  748. a reflected beam as bright as the Full Moon at the area on Earth it's
  749. pointed at, a circular mirror would have to be about 70 miles in
  750. radius. But this might not be such good news: thin film or vapor
  751. deposition technologies may find that easy (ask Eric Drexler, not me),
  752. although the dynamics of such an object may not be.
  753.  
  754. > However, the goal of the system is to put a lot of light into one
  755. > place from a reflector of finite size.  Designers would optimize to
  756. > make skies very bad in a small place and not spill much light
  757. > elsewhere.   If you are living in the target area, you're out of luck. 
  758. > If you are a few dozen or hundred miles away, the reflector probably
  759. > won't be worse than a small bright object in your sky... perhaps like
  760. > having Jupiter at opposition.
  761.  
  762. This neglects specular reflection, which will probably be significant,
  763. especially if the reflector is made of a flimsy material. Films of the
  764. dynamics of the Skylab umbrella shade come to mind.
  765.  
  766. Of course, focused sunlight is another matter. It brings to mind the
  767. defense of Syracuse from the Roman invasion in 214 B.C. by Archimedes.
  768. Supposedly, many soldiers held polished shields to direct sunlight at
  769. individual ships, and they caught fire. Before you go calling this
  770. "legendary," remember that this was reproduced in 1973: see the Flying
  771. Circus of Physics, by Jearl Walker, and references therein. Arthur C.
  772. Clarke wrote a fictional story about something similar, too: "A Slight
  773. Case of Sunstroke."
  774.  
  775. Fred RIngwald
  776. Department of Physics & Astronomy
  777. Dartmouth College
  778. Hanover, NH 03755-3528
  779.  
  780. ------------------------------
  781.  
  782. End of Space Digest Volume 16 : Issue 157
  783. ------------------------------
  784.